在英语学习中,动词后接不定式(to do)还是动名词(doing)常常令人困惑。本文将聚焦于 be permitted to do 与 doing 的使用场景、语法规则及实际应用,帮助你准确掌握两者的区别。
Be permitted to do 是被动语态结构,表示“被允许做某事”。其中,“permit” 是及物动词,其主动形式为 “permit someone to do something”。
主动语态: The teacher permits students to use dictionaries during the test.
被动语态: Students are permitted to use dictionaries during the test.
注意:在 “permit” 的被动结构中,必须使用 to do(带 to 的不定式),不能直接接 doing。
动名词(doing)在句中可作主语、宾语或介词宾语。某些动词或短语后习惯接动名词,例如:enjoy, avoid, consider, suggest 等。
We enjoy reading English novels.
She avoided answering the question.
但请注意:permit 在主动语态中也可接动名词,但此时需搭配介词 “permit + doing” 表示“允许做某事”这一泛指行为,不特指某人。
The school doesn’t permit smoking on campus. (泛指禁止吸烟行为)
对比:The school doesn’t permit students to smoke on campus. (特指学生被禁止)
❌ Students are permitted using phones in class.
✅ Students are permitted to use phones in class.
答案:1. Visitors are permitted to take photos. 2. 错误,应为:Smoking is not permitted in the building. 或 Entering the building while smoking is not permitted.(原句结构混乱)