基本结构
动词 spend 常用于表示“花费(时间或金钱)”,其后可接两种主要结构:
spend + 时间/金钱 + on + 名词spend + 时间/金钱 + (in) + 动名词(doing)
注意:in 在现代英语中常省略,因此通常说 spend time doing something。
1. spend ... on something
用于表示把时间或金钱花在某物或某事上,后面接名词或代词。
例句:
- She
spent $50 on a new dress. - He
spends a lot of money on video games. - We
spent two hours on homeworklast night.
2. spend ... (in) doing something
用于表示把时间或金钱花在做某事上,后面接动名词(-ing 形式)。介词 in 通常省略。
例句:
- They
spent the whole day cleaning the house. - I
spent an hour readingthis morning. - He
spent all his savings traveling around Europe.
常见错误与注意事项
- ❌ 错误:She spent money to buy a car.
✅ 正确:She spent money on a car. / She spent money buying a car. - “Spend” 后不能直接接不定式(to do),必须用
on + noun或doing。 - 主语通常是人,而不是物。例如不说 “The project spent...”,而说 “We spent... on the project.”
小结
记住两个公式:
spend + 时间/金钱 + on + 名词spend + 时间/金钱 + doing(= spend ... in doing)
两者都表示“花费”,只是宾语形式不同:一个是名词,一个是动名词。