基本概念
although 和 in spite of 都用于表达“尽管……”的让步关系，但它们在语法结构上有明显不同。
语法结构对比
1. although
although 是从属连词，后接一个完整的句子（主语 + 谓语）：
Although it was raining, we went for a walk.
（尽管下雨了，我们还是去散步了。）
2. in spite of
in spite of 是介词短语，后接名词、代词或动名词（不能接完整句子）：
In spite of the rain, we went for a walk.
（尽管下雨，我们还是去散步了。）
常见错误与注意事项
- ❌ 错误：
In spite of it was raining...（不能接句子） - ✅ 正确：
In spite of the fact that it was raining...（通过补充名词短语可间接引导从句） despite与in spite of意思相同，但更简洁正式。
更多例句对比
Although she studied hard, she didn’t pass the exam.
In spite of her hard work, she didn’t pass the exam.
Although he was tired, he finished the project.
In spite of his tiredness, he finished the project.