When 加 done 还是 being done?

在英语学习中,我们常遇到这样的结构:以 when 引导的时间状语从句后省略主语和 be 动词,直接使用分词形式。那么,什么时候用 done(过去分词),什么时候用 being done(现在分词被动式)呢?本文将为你详细解析。

一、基本规则

当主句与从句的主语一致,且从句含有 be 动词时,可省略主语和 be 动词,保留分词结构:

二、When + done(更常见)

表示动作已完成或状态已存在,强调“在……之后”或“当……处于某种状态时”。

When (it is) finished, the report will be sent to the manager.
→ When finished, the report will be sent to the manager.
When (he was) asked about the incident, he remained silent.
→ When asked about the incident, he remained silent.

三、When + being done(较少见)

强调动作正在被进行,通常用于描述“正在被……的时候”。但这种结构在实际使用中较为罕见,多数情况下可用 while being done 或完整从句替代。

When (the car is) being repaired, please don’t move it.
→ When being repaired, please don’t move the car. ❌(不自然)

更自然的表达方式:

While the car is being repaired, please don’t move it.

When the car is being repaired, please don’t move it.
小贴士:在绝大多数情况下,when + done 是标准且地道的表达;而 when + being done 往往显得生硬或不自然,应尽量避免使用。

四、常见错误辨析

  1. 误:When being told the news, she cried.
    正:When told the news, she cried.
  2. 误:When being completed, the project will launch.
    正:When completed, the project will launch.

五、总结