“responsible” 用法与搭配详解

一、基本含义

responsible 是一个形容词，主要表示“负有责任的；应负责的；可靠的”。

常用于描述某人对某事负有责任，或某事物是某种结果的原因。

二、核心搭配结构

be responsible for + 名词/动名词
She is responsible for managing the team.

Smoking is responsible for many cases of lung cancer.
be responsible to + 人/组织（表示“向……负责”）
The manager is responsible to the board of directors.
hold someone responsible for something（让某人对某事负责）
They held him responsible for the accident.

三、常见用法误区

❌ 错误：He is responsible to the mistake. ✅ 正确：He is responsible for the mistake.
“responsible” 后通常不直接接不定式（to do），而用 for doing 或 for + 名词。

注意：“responsible to” 和 “responsible for” 意思不同：

responsible for = 对……负责（任务、结果等）
responsible to = 向……汇报/负责（上级、机构等）

四、实用例句

Who is responsible for cleaning the kitchen?
The software bug was responsible for the system crash.
As a teacher, I feel responsible for my students’ progress.
He’s very responsible — you can always count on him.

五、小结

掌握 “responsible” 的关键在于区分 for 和 to 的不同用法。记住：

用 for 表示“对某事负责”；
用 to 表示“向某人负责”。

多加练习，就能自然运用！