引言
在英语学习中,动词后接不定式(to do)还是动名词(doing)常常让人困惑。 特别是像 pretend 这样的动词,它后面只能接 to do, 而不能接 doing。本文将详细解释两者的区别,并提供实用例句帮助你掌握正确用法。
“pretend to do” 的用法
动词 pretend 后面必须接 不定式(to + 动词原形),表示“假装去做某事”。 这是固定搭配,不可替换为动名词。
✅ She pretended to sleep when her mom entered the room.
(她妈妈进屋时,她假装在睡觉。)
(她妈妈进屋时,她假装在睡觉。)
✅ He pretended to know the answer, but he was just guessing.
(他假装知道答案,其实只是在猜。)
(他假装知道答案,其实只是在猜。)
注意:“pretend doing” 是错误的表达!
为什么不能说 “pretend doing”?
英语中,动词的搭配有其固定规则。有些动词后只能接不定式(如:decide, hope, pretend), 有些只能接动名词(如:enjoy, avoid, consider),还有些两者皆可但含义不同(如:remember, stop)。
“Pretend” 属于只接不定式的动词类别,因此:
- ✅ pretend to cry(假装哭)
- ❌ pretend crying(错误!)
对比其他动词:doing vs. to do
为了加深理解,我们看看其他动词的用法差异:
- Enjoy + doing:I enjoy reading.(✓) / I enjoy to read.(✗)
- Decide + to do:She decided to leave.(✓) / She decided leaving.(✗)
- Remember + doing:I remember meeting him.(记得做过)
- Remember + to do:Remember to lock the door.(记得要做)
由此可见,动词后接什么形式,需根据具体动词记忆。
常见错误与纠正
❌ He pretended studying.
✅ He pretended to study.
✅ He pretended to study.
❌ They pretended being happy.
✅ They pretended to be happy.
✅ They pretended to be happy.
记住:只要看到 pretend,后面一定是 to + 动词原形!
小测验(自测)
判断以下句子是否正确:
- 1. She pretended to understand the lesson.(✓)
- 2. He pretended sleeping.(✗)
- 3. They pretended to be aliens.(✓)
你能全部答对吗?