什么是 “permit to do” 和 “permit doing”?
在英语中,动词 permit(允许)后可接两种结构:
to do(不定式)或 doing(动名词)。
但它们的用法和语境有所不同,并非完全互换。
1. Permit + doing(动名词)
这是最常见、最自然的用法,表示“允许做某事”。
✅ The school permits using calculators in exams.
✅ Smoking is not permitted here.
✅ They don’t permit parking in this area.
✅ 注意:这种结构强调“被允许的行为”本身,通常用于一般性陈述。
2. Permit + someone + to do(不定式)
当句子中有“被允许的人/物”时,必须使用 to do 结构。
✅ The teacher permitted the students to leave early.
✅ My parents won’t permit me to drive their car.
✅ The law permits citizens to vote at age 18.
❌ 错误示例:
The teacher permitted the students leaving early.(不自然/错误)
关键区别总结
- Permit + doing:无宾语,泛指允许某种行为。
- Permit + 宾语 + to do:有明确宾语,说明谁被允许做什么。
- 不能说 “permit to do” 而没有宾语(如 ❌ “The rule permits to smoke.” 是错误的)。
小测验(点击查看答案)
判断以下句子是否正确:
- The museum doesn’t permit taking photos.
- She permitted her friend to borrow the book.
- They permit to camp here. ()
❌ 第3句错误!应为:They permit camping here. 或 They permit visitors to camp here.