“occur” 与 “happen” 的区别详解
在英语学习中,“occur” 和 “happen” 都可以表示“发生”,但它们的用法、语气和语境存在细微差别。正确区分二者,有助于提升语言表达的准确性。
1. 基本含义对比
happen:通常用于指偶然、意外或未经计划的事件发生,语气较为口语化。
• The accident happened at midnight.
• I don’t know what happened to him.
occur:更正式,常用于书面语,强调事件在特定时间或条件下发生,也可表示“被想到”(常用于 sth occurs to sb 结构)。
• The meeting occurred on Tuesday.
• It never occurred to me that she would say no.
2. 语法与搭配差异
- happen 不能用于被动语态(即没有 be happened)。
- occur 同样不能用于被动语态(无 be occurred)。
- 两者都可接“to + 人/物”表示“发生在……身上”:
– Something happened to my phone.
– An idea occurred to her.
- “occur” 可用于“It occurs to sb that...”结构,表示“某人突然想到……”,而“happen”无此用法。
3. 语气与语体
“happen” 更日常、随意;“occur” 更正式、学术。在新闻报道、学术写作中更倾向使用 “occur”。
✅ 正式场合建议:
“The incident occurred during the conference.”
❌ 避免在正式写作中说:
“The incident happened during the conference.”(虽语法正确,但略显口语)
4. 常见错误提醒
- 不要说 “It was happened” —— 两者均无被动语态。
- “occur” 不可用于表示“碰巧”(此时应使用 “happen to do”):
✓ I happened to meet her yesterday. (我碰巧遇见她)
✗ I occurred to meet her yesterday. (错误!)
5. 总结对比表
| 项目 |
happen |
occur |
| 语体 |
口语、非正式 |
书面、正式 |
| “被想到” |
不可用 |
可用(It occurred to me...) |
| “碰巧” |
可用(happen to do) |
不可用 |