引言
在英语学习中,occur 和 happen 都可以翻译为“发生”,但它们在语气、正式程度和使用场景上存在明显差异。 正确区分二者,有助于提升语言表达的准确性与地道性。
基本含义对比
- Happen:更口语化,强调事件的偶然性或不可预测性。
- Occur:更正式,常用于书面语,强调事件在时间或空间中的“出现”或“存在”。
用法区别详解
1. 语气与正式程度
Happen 常用于日常对话;occur 多见于新闻报道、学术文章等正式场合。
• What happened yesterday?(昨天发生了什么?)
• The accident occurred at 3 p.m.(事故发生在下午三点。)
• The accident occurred at 3 p.m.(事故发生在下午三点。)
2. 主语类型
两者都可接“事件”作主语,但 occur 更常用于抽象或计划内的事件。
• It never occurred to me that he would lie.(我从未想过他会撒谎。)
• Did anything interesting happen on your trip?(你旅途中有什么有趣的事发生吗?)
• Did anything interesting happen on your trip?(你旅途中有什么有趣的事发生吗?)
3. 固定搭配
- It occurs to someone that...:某人突然想到……(happen 无此用法)
- As it happens / As it occurred:碰巧(两者皆可,但 happen 更常见)
• It occurred to her that she’d left the door unlocked.
• As it happens, I was just about to call you.
• As it happens, I was just about to call you.
常见错误提醒
❌ 错误:It happened to me that I should study harder.
✅ 正确:It occurred to me that I should study harder.
✅ 正确:It occurred to me that I should study harder.
“It happens to someone that...” 是不地道的表达。只有 occur 能用于 “It occurs to someone that...” 结构。
总结
- 日常对话多用 happen;正式写作倾向 occur。
- 表示“某人突然想到”时,只能用 occur。
- 两者通常可互换表示“事件发生”,但 occur 听起来更客观、冷静。