need to do something 用法详解
什么是 “need to do something”?
“Need to do something” 是英语中表达“需要做某事”的常用结构,其中 need 作为实义动词(main verb)使用,后接带 to 的不定式(to do)。
I need to finish my homework before dinner.
我需要在晚饭前完成作业。
基本结构
- 肯定句:主语 + need to + 动词原形 + ...
- 否定句:主语 + don't/doesn't/didn't + need to + 动词原形 + ...
- 疑问句:Do/Does/Did + 主语 + need to + 动词原形 + ...?
She doesn’t need to wake up early on weekends.
她周末不需要早起。
need 作情态动词 vs. 实义动词
在现代英语中,need 更常作为实义动词使用(即本专题讨论的 “need to do” 结构)。但在正式或书面语中,它偶尔也可作情态动词(无 to,后接动词原形),但仅用于否定句和疑问句:
- Need I say more?(我还需要多说吗?)
- You needn’t worry.(你不必担心。)
注意:日常口语中,人们更倾向于使用 “don’t need to” 而非 “needn’t”。例如:“You don’t need to come.” 比 “You needn’t come.” 更自然。
常见例句
- We need to buy some groceries.
- Do you need to call your mom?
- He didn’t need to apologize; it wasn’t his fault.
- They need to practice more if they want to win.
易错点提醒
- ❌ 错误:I need go now.
✅ 正确:I need to go now.
- ❌ 错误:She needs not to pay.
✅ 正确:She doesn’t need to pay. (或 She needn’t pay.)