judge 用法归纳
“Judge” 是一个既可作动词又可作名词的常用英语单词,在不同语境中有丰富含义。本文将系统梳理其核心用法,帮助英语学习者准确理解和使用。
一、作动词(to judge)
1. 审判;审理(法律语境)
指法官在法庭上对案件进行裁决。
The case will be judged by a federal court next month.
这个案件将于下个月由联邦法院审理。
2. 判断;评价;形成看法
根据已有信息对人或事做出评价或结论。
Don’t judge a book by its cover.
不要以貌取人。(字面:不要通过封面判断一本书。)
It’s hard to judge whether he’s telling the truth.
很难判断他是否在说真话。
3. 裁定;断定(正式/书面)
常用于正式语境,表示权威性判断。
The committee judged the proposal to be unfeasible.
委员会裁定该提案不可行。
二、作名词(a judge)
1. 法官;审判员
The judge sentenced the criminal to ten years in prison.
法官判处罪犯十年监禁。
2. 裁判员;评委
在比赛、竞赛中负责评分或裁决的人。
She was one of the judges at the singing competition.
她是歌唱比赛的评委之一。
三、常见搭配与短语
- judge by:根据……来判断
We can’t judge his ability by his appearance.
- judge from:从……判断(多用于句首)
Judging from his accent, he’s from London.
- pass judgment on:对……作出评判
It’s not our place to pass judgment on others.
- be judged on:根据……被评价
Candidates will be judged on their performance.
四、易错点提醒
✅ “Judging from...” 是固定结构,即使主语不是人也这样用,属于悬垂分词(dangling participle),但在英语中被广泛接受。
❌ 错误:Judge from his smile, he is happy.
✅ 正确:Judging from his smile, he is happy.
五、小结
“Judge” 的核心含义围绕“判断”展开,无论是法律裁决、主观评价还是竞赛打分,都体现了“依据标准做出结论”的本质。掌握其动词与名词用法,并熟悉常见搭配,能显著提升表达的准确性与地道程度。