/t/ 音
当动词原形以清辅音结尾时(如 /p/, /k/, /f/, /s/, /ʃ/, /tʃ/),“ed”读作 /t/。
- worked → /wɜːrkt/
- helped → /helpt/
- laughed → /læft/
- watched → /wɒtʃt/
- kissed → /kɪst/
/d/ 音
当动词原形以浊辅音或元音结尾时(如 /b/, /g/, /v/, /z/, /m/, /n/, /l/, /r/, /aɪ/ 等),“ed”读作 /d/。
- played → /pleɪd/
- loved → /lʌvd/
- called → /kɔːld/
- opened → /ˈəʊpənd/
- robbed → /rɒbd/
/ɪd/ 音
当动词原形以/t/ 或 /d/ 结尾时,“ed”读作 /ɪd/,多一个音节。
- wanted → /ˈwɒntɪd/
- needed → /ˈniːdɪd/
- started → /ˈstɑːtɪd/
- decided → /dɪˈsaɪdɪd/
- visited → /ˈvɪzɪtɪd/