1. 单词释义
deprivation /ˌdeprɪˈveɪʃn/(名词)
意为“剥夺;缺乏;贫困状态”,常指基本需求(如食物、睡眠、自由等)的缺失。
例句:Children in war zones often suffer from severe emotional and physical deprivation.
2. 词根词缀拆解
deprivation 由以下部分构成:
- 前缀 de-:表示“去除、剥夺、向下”之意(如:defrost, deactivate)
- 词根 priv-:源自拉丁语 privare,意为“使失去、剥夺”(同源词:private, privilege)
- 后缀 -ation:构成名词,表示“行为、过程或结果”(如:information, education)
因此,de- + priv(e) + -ation → deprivation,字面意思即“被剥夺的状态”。
3. 同根词与派生词
- deprive(动词):剥夺
They were deprived of their basic rights. - deprived(形容词):贫困的,被剥夺的
She grew up in a deprived neighborhood. - privilege(名词/动词):特权;给予特权
Education is a right, not a privilege. - private(形容词):私人的;私有的
He kept his thoughts private.
4. 学习小贴士
记住 priv = to take away or lack,就能理解多个相关词汇:
- 看到 deprive 就想到“拿走”
- Privation(匮乏)是 deprivation 的近义词
- 不要混淆 private(私人)和 deprive(剥夺),它们同源但意义分化