什么是 “make sb do”?
“make sb do” 是英语中一个常见的使役结构,意思是“让某人做某事”或“迫使某人做某事”。其中:
- make:使役动词(causative verb)
- sb:somebody(某人)
- do:动词原形(bare infinitive)
注意:在 “make sb do” 结构中,do 必须使用动词原形,不能加 to。
基本结构
make + 宾语(人)+ 动词原形
例如:
- She made me clean the room.(她让我打扫房间。)
- The teacher made the students rewrite the essay.(老师让学生们重写作文。)
被动语态中的变化
当 “make sb do” 变为被动语态时,必须加上 to,结构变为:
sb + be made + to do
例如:
- I was made to apologize.(我被逼着道歉了。)
- He was made to work overtime.(他被迫加班。)
常见错误提醒
- ❌ 错误:She made me to clean the room.
✅ 正确:She made me clean the room. - ❌ 被动语态漏掉 to:I was made clean the room.
✅ 正确:I was made to clean the room.
与其他使役动词对比
类似结构还有:
- let sb do:让某人做(表示允许)
- have sb do:让某人做(常用于安排或命令)
- help sb (to) do:帮某人做(to 可省略)
但只有 make 和 let 在主动语态中不加 to。